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Z tego notatnika dowiesz się, jak zacząć korzystać z interfejsu PaLM API, który zapewnia dostęp do najnowszych dużych modeli językowych Google. Z tego artykułu dowiesz się, jak korzystać z funkcji generowania tekstu dostępnych w interfejsie PaLM API.
Konfiguracja
Najpierw pobierz i zainstaluj bibliotekę Pythona PaLM API.
pip install -q google-generativeai
import pprint
import google.generativeai as palm
Pobierz klucz interfejsu API
Aby rozpocząć, musisz utworzyć klucz interfejsu API.
palm.configure(api_key='YOUR_API_KEY')
Generowanie tekstu
Użyj funkcji palm.list_models, aby znaleźć dostępne modele:
models = [m for m in palm.list_models() if 'generateText' in m.supported_generation_methods]
model = models[0].name
print(model)
models/text-bison-001
Wygeneruj tekst za pomocą metody palm.generate_text:
prompt = """
You are an expert at solving word problems.
Solve the following problem:
I have three houses, each with three cats.
each cat owns 4 mittens, and a hat. Each mitten was
knit from 7m of yarn, each hat from 4m.
How much yarn was needed to make all the items?
Think about it step by step, and show your work.
"""
completion = palm.generate_text(
model=model,
prompt=prompt,
temperature=0,
# The maximum length of the response
max_output_tokens=800,
)
print(completion.result)
There are 3 houses * 3 cats / house = 9 cats. So, 9 cats * 4 mittens / cat = 36 mittens were made. Also, 9 cats * 1 hat / cat = 9 hats were made. So, 36 mittens * 7m / mitten = 252m of yarn was used for the mittens. Also, 9 hats * 4m / hat = 36m of yarn was used for the hats. In total, 252m + 36m = 288m of yarn was used. Thus, the answer is 288.
Więcej opcji
Funkcja palm.generate_text ma jeszcze kilka innych argumentów, o których warto wspomnieć.
Sekwencje zatrzymania
Aby zatrzymać generowanie przed czasem, użyj argumentu stop_sequences.
Na przykład modele LLM często popełniają błędy arytmetyczne. Możesz poprosić model o „użycie kalkulatora” umieszczając równania w tagu <calc>.
Umieść model na tagu zamykającym, aby móc edytować prompt:
calc_prompt = f"""
Please solve the following problem.
{prompt}
----------------
Important: Use the calculator for each step.
Don't do the arithmetic in your head.
To use the calculator wrap an equation in <calc> tags like this:
<calc> 3 cats * 2 hats/cat </calc> = 6
----------------
"""
equation=None
while equation is None:
completion = palm.generate_text(
model=model,
prompt=calc_prompt,
stop_sequences=['</calc>'],
# The maximum length of the response
max_output_tokens=800,
)
try:
response, equation = completion.result.split('<calc>', maxsplit=1)
except Exception:
continue
print(response)
Chain-of-thought: There are three houses, and each house has three cats, so there are 3 houses * 3 cats / house = 9 cats. Each cat has 4 mittens, so the cats need 9 cats * 4 mittens / cat = 36 mittens. Each mitten takes 7m of yarn, so 36 mittens * 7m / mitten = 252m of yarn. Each cat has a hat, and each hat takes 4m of yarn, so 9 cats * 4m / cat = 36m of yarn. So, in total, 36m + 252m = 288m of yarn were needed. The answer should be
print(equation)
9 cats * 4 mittens / cat
Następnie możesz obliczyć wynik i utworzyć nowy prompt, którego będzie używać model. Pełną implementację znajdziesz w przykładzie kalkulatora tekstu.
Kandydaci
Zwykle tekst generowany przez duże modele językowe jest do pewnego stopnia losowości. Więcej informacji na ten temat znajdziesz w wprowadzeniu do LLM. Oznacza to, że gdy wywołasz interfejs API więcej niż raz z tymi samymi danymi wejściowymi, możesz uzyskać różne odpowiedzi. Możesz używać tej funkcji, aby uzyskiwać alternatywne odpowiedzi modelu.
Argument temperature określa wariancję odpowiedzi. Obiekt palm.Model zwraca wartość domyślną parametru temperature i innych parametrów.
models[0]
Model(name='models/text-bison-001', base_model_id='', version='001', display_name='Text Bison', description='Model targeted for text generation.', input_token_limit=8196, output_token_limit=1024, supported_generation_methods=['generateText'], temperature=0.7, top_p=0.95, top_k=40)
Argument candidate_count określa liczbę zwróconych odpowiedzi:
completion = palm.generate_text(
model=model,
prompt=prompt,
# The number of candidates to return
candidate_count=8,
# Set the temperature to 1.0 for more variety of responses.
temperature=1.0,
max_output_tokens=800,
)
print(completion.result)
In each house there are 3 cats * 4 mittens / cat = 12 mittens. In total there are 3 houses * 12 mittens / house = 36 mittens. In total there are 36 mittens * 7m / mitten = 252m of yarn for the mittens. In total there are 3 houses * 3 cats / house * 1 hat / cat = 9 hats. In total there are 9 hats * 4m / hat = 36m of yarn for the hats. In total there are 36m yarn for the hats + 252m yarn for the mittens = 288m of yarn. The answer: 288.
Jeśli poprosisz o wiele kandydatów, atrybut Completion.result nadal będzie zawierał tylko pierwszego z nich. Atrybut Completion.candidates zawiera wszystkie te atrybuty:
import pprint
pprint.pprint(completion.candidates)
[{'output': 'In each house there are 3 cats * 4 mittens / cat = 12 mittens. In '
'total there are 3 houses * 12 mittens / house = 36 mittens. In '
'total there are 36 mittens * 7m / mitten = 252m of yarn for the '
'mittens. In total there are 3 houses * 3 cats / house * 1 hat / '
'cat = 9 hats. In total there are 9 hats * 4m / hat = 36m of yarn '
'for the hats. In total there are 36m yarn for the hats + 252m '
'yarn for the mittens = 288m of yarn.\n'
'The answer: 288.',
'safety_ratings': [{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DEROGATORY: 1>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_TOXICITY: 2>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_VIOLENCE: 3>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUAL: 4>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_MEDICAL: 5>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS: 6>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>}]},
{'output': 'Each house has 3 cats, so each house needs 3 * 4 = 12 mittens. '
"With three houses, that's 3 * 12 = 36 mittens. And each house "
'needs 3 * 1 = 3 hats. So in total, we need 3 hats + 36 mittens = '
'39 items. Each mitten needs 7 meters of yarn, so 39 mittens need '
'39 * 7 = 273 meters of yarn. Each hat needs 4 meters of yarn, and '
"we need 3 hats, so that's 4 * 3 = 12 meters of yarn. So in total, "
'we needed 12 + 273 = 285 meters of yarn.\n'
'Thus, the answer is 285.',
'safety_ratings': [{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DEROGATORY: 1>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_TOXICITY: 2>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_VIOLENCE: 3>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUAL: 4>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_MEDICAL: 5>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS: 6>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>}]},
{'output': 'There are 3 houses * 3 cats / house = 9 cats. There are 9 cats * '
'4 mittens / cat = 36 mittens. There are 9 cats * 1 hat / cat = 9 '
'hats. The total amount of yarn for the mittens is 36 mittens * 7m '
'/ mitten = 252m. The total amount of yarn for the hats is 9 hats '
'* 4m / hat = 36m. The total amount of yarn is 252m + 36m = 288m.\n'
'Thus, the answer is 288.',
'safety_ratings': [{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DEROGATORY: 1>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_TOXICITY: 2>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_VIOLENCE: 3>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUAL: 4>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_MEDICAL: 5>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS: 6>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>}]},
{'output': 'There are 3 houses * 3 cats / house = 9 cats. Each cat has 4 '
'mittens + 1 hat = 5 items. So the total number of items is 9 cats '
'* 5 items / cat = 45 items. Thus, 45 items * 7m / item = 315m of '
'yarn was needed.\n'
'Thus, the answer is 315.',
'safety_ratings': [{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DEROGATORY: 1>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_TOXICITY: 2>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_VIOLENCE: 3>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUAL: 4>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_MEDICAL: 5>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS: 6>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>}]},
{'output': 'Chain-of-thought:\n'
'There are 3 houses * 3 cats / house = 9 cats.\n'
'The cats need 9 cats * 4 mittens / cat = 36 mittens.\n'
'The cats need 9 cats * 1 hat / cat = 9 hats.\n'
'The mittens need 36 mittens * 7m / mitten = 252m of yarn.\n'
'The hats need 9 hats * 4m / hat = 36m of yarn.\n'
'Therefore, the total amount of yarn needed is 252m + 36m = 288m.\n'
'\n'
'The answer should be 288',
'safety_ratings': [{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DEROGATORY: 1>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_TOXICITY: 2>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_VIOLENCE: 3>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUAL: 4>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_MEDICAL: 5>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS: 6>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>}]},
{'output': 'First find the total number of cats: 3 houses * 3 cats / house = '
'9 cats. Then multiply that number by the number of mittens per '
'cat to find the total number of mittens: 9 cats * 4 mittens / cat '
'= 36 mittens. Then multiply that number by the number of meters '
'of yarn per mitten to find the total amount of yarn used for '
'mittens: 36 mittens * 7 meters / mitten = 252 meters. Then do the '
'same thing for hats: 9 cats * 1 hat / cat = 9 hats. Then multiply '
'that number by the number of meters of yarn per hat to find the '
'total amount of yarn used for hats: 9 hats * 4 meters / hat = 36 '
'meters. Then add the amount of yarn used for mittens and hats to '
'find the total amount of yarn used: 36 meters + 252 meters = 288 '
'meters.\n'
'Thus, the answer is 288.',
'safety_ratings': [{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DEROGATORY: 1>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_TOXICITY: 2>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_VIOLENCE: 3>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUAL: 4>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_MEDICAL: 5>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS: 6>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>}]},
{'output': 'The total number of cats is 3 houses * 3 cats / house = 9 cats. '
'So, the total number of mittens is 9 cats * 4 mittens / cat = 36 '
'mittens. The total number of hats is 9 cats * 1 hat / cat = 9 '
'hats. The total length of yarn needed to make the mittens is 36 '
'mittens * 7 m / mitten = 252 m. The total length of yarn needed '
'to make the hats is 9 hats * 4 m / hat = 36 m. So, the total '
'length of yarn needed is 252 m + 36 m = 288 m.\n'
'\n'
'The answer: 288',
'safety_ratings': [{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DEROGATORY: 1>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_TOXICITY: 2>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_VIOLENCE: 3>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUAL: 4>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_MEDICAL: 5>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS: 6>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>}]},
{'output': 'There are 3 houses with 3 cats each, so 3 * 3 = 9 cats. Each cat '
'has 4 mittens and a hat, so 9 cats * 4 mittens / cat + 9 cats * 1 '
'hat / cat = 36 mittens and 9 hats. Each mitten takes 7m of yarn '
'and each hat takes 4m of yarn, so the total yarn needed is 36 '
'mittens * 7m / mitten + 9 hats * 4m / hat = 252m + 36m = 288m.\n'
'The answer: 288.',
'safety_ratings': [{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DEROGATORY: 1>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_TOXICITY: 2>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_VIOLENCE: 3>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_SEXUAL: 4>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_MEDICAL: 5>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>},
{'category': <HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS: 6>,
'probability': <HarmProbability.NEGLIGIBLE: 1>}]}]
Znasz już odpowiedź na zagadnienie, więc możesz łatwo sprawdzić współczynnik rozwiązania:
import numpy as np
np.mean(['288' in c['output'] for c in completion.candidates])
0.75