Menggunakan alat eksternal dengan chat

Lihat di ai.google.dev Coba notebook Colab Lihat notebook di GitHub

Untuk beberapa kasus penggunaan, Anda mungkin ingin menghentikan pembuatan dari model untuk menyisipkan hasil tertentu. Misalnya, model bahasa mungkin memiliki masalah dengan soal aritmatika yang rumit seperti soal cerita. Tutorial ini menunjukkan contoh penggunaan alat eksternal dengan metode genai.chat untuk menghasilkan jawaban yang benar untuk soal cerita.

Contoh khusus ini menggunakan alat numexpr untuk melakukan aritmetika, tetapi Anda dapat menggunakan prosedur yang sama ini untuk mengintegrasikan alat lain khusus untuk kasus penggunaan Anda. Berikut ini adalah garis besar langkah-langkahnya:

  1. Tentukan tag start dan end untuk mendemarkasi teks guna mengirim alat.
  2. Buat prompt yang memberi tahu model cara menggunakan tag dalam responsnya.
  3. Dari respons model, ambil teks di antara tag start dan end sebagai input ke alat.
  4. Letakkan semuanya setelah tag end.
  5. Jalankan alat dan tambahkan outputnya sebagai balasan Anda.
  6. Model akan memperhitungkan output alat dalam balasannya.
pip install -q google.generativeai

import numpy as np

from google.api_core import retry

@retry.Retry()
def retry_chat(**kwargs):
  return genai.chat(**kwargs)

@retry.Retry()
def retry_reply(self, arg):
  return self.reply(arg)

import google.generativeai as genai
genai.configure(api_key="YOUR API KEY")

models = [m for m in genai.list_models() if 'generateMessage' in m.supported_generation_methods]
model = models[0].name
print(model)

question = """
I have 77 houses, each with 31 cats.
Each cat owns 14 mittens, and 6 hats.
Each mitten was knit from 141m of yarn, each hat from 55m.
How much yarn was needed to make all the items?
At the end write out a single expression to compute the answer.

Think about it step by step, and show your work.
"""

response = retry_chat(
    model=model,
    context="You are an expert at solving word problems.",
    messages=question,
)

print(response.last)

Sure, I can help you with that. Here's how I would solve it:

First, we need to find the total number of cats: 77 houses * 31 cats/house = 2387 cats

Then, we need to find the total number of mittens: 2387 cats * 14 mittens/cat = 33318 mittens

Then, we need to find the total number of hats: 2387 cats * 6 hats/cat = 14322 hats

Then, we need to find the total amount of yarn used for the mittens: 33318 mittens * 141m/mitten = 4715548m

Then, we need to find the total amount of yarn used for the hats: 14322 hats * 55m/hat = 782730m

Finally, we need to add the amount of yarn used for the mittens and the hats to find the total amount of yarn used: 4715548m + 782730m = 5508278m

Therefore, the total amount of yarn needed to make all the items is 5508278m.

Here's the expression I used to compute the answer:

77 houses * 31 cats/house * 14 mittens/cat * 141m/mitten + 2387 cats * 6 hats/cat * 55m/hat = 5508278m

Perintah yang dimaksud biasanya memberikan hasil yang salah. Biasanya langkah-langkahnya benar, tetapi aritmatikanya salah.

Jawabannya adalah:

answer = 77*31*14*141 + 77*31*6*55
answer

5499648

Pada upaya berikutnya, berikan instruksi kepada model tentang cara mengakses kalkulator. Anda dapat melakukannya dengan menentukan tag start dan end yang dapat digunakan model untuk menunjukkan tempat penghitungan diperlukan. Tambahkan hal seperti berikut ke perintah:

calc_prompt = f"""
{question}

Only do one step per response.

I'll act as your calculator for this exercise.

To use the calculator, put an expression between <calc></calc> tags and end the message.

I will reply with the answer for the <calc> tag.
Stop after closing the tag with </calc>.

For example:

You: "4 houses * 3 cats/house = <calc>4 * 3</calc>"
Me:"12".

Don't do the arithmetic in your head!
You must use the calculator for every step!
Don't say "Correct!" all the time.
"""

Jika Anda meneruskan pertanyaan itu dengan pertanyaan, model akan mencoba menggunakan tag <calc>, tetapi sering kali akan menebak jawaban itu sendiri dan terus melanjutkan:

chat = retry_chat(
    model=model,
    messages=calc_prompt,
)

print(chat.last)

Sure, I can help you with that.

To find the total number of cats, we multiply the number of houses by the number of cats per house:

77 houses * 31 cats/house = <calc>77 * 31</calc> = 2377 cats

To find the total number of mittens, we multiply the number of cats by the number of mittens per cat:

2377 cats * 14 mittens/cat = <calc>2377 * 14</calc> = 33278 mittens

To find the total number of hats, we multiply the number of cats by the number of hats per cat:

2377 cats * 6 hats/cat = <calc>2377 * 6</calc> = 14262 hats

To find the total amount of yarn needed, we multiply the number of mittens by the amount of yarn per mitten, and add that to the number of hats times the amount of yarn per hat:

33278 mittens * 141 m/mitten + 14262 hats * 55 m/hat = <calc>33278 * 141 + 14262 * 55</calc> = 5335322 m

Therefore, 5335322 m of yarn was needed to make all the items.

Agar benar-benar berfungsi, Anda harus mengurai respons, berhenti setelah tag calc, dan tampilkan hasilnya:

# Use re to clear units from the calculator expressions
import re
# Use numexpr since `eval` is unsafe.
import numexpr


def calculator(result):
  if '<calc>' not in result:
    return None, None
  # keep everything before opening the calc tag.
  text, remainder = result.split('<calc>', 1)
  # drop everything after closing the c alc tag.
  expression, junk = remainder.split('</calc>', 1)

  # Remove the units like "7 cats / hour" -> "7"
  expression = re.sub("[a-zA-Z][ /a-zA-Z]*[a-zA-Z]",'', expression)

  # `eval` is unsafe use numexpr
  result = f"{text}<calc>{expression}</calc>"
  return result, str(numexpr.evaluate(expression))

last, value = calculator(chat.last)

print(f"{last = }")
print(f"{value = }")

last = 'Correct! There are 2387 cats in total.\n\nNow, to find the total number of mittens, we multiply the number of cats by the number of mittens per cat:\n\n2387 cats * 14 mittens/cat = <calc>2387 * 14</calc>'
value = '33418'

Selanjutnya, Anda akan mengedit pesan terakhir, dan reply dengan hasilnya, sehingga model dapat melanjutkan dengan nilai yang benar.

chat.last = last
chat = retry_reply(chat, value)

last, value = calculator(chat.last)

print(f"{last = }")
print(f"{value = }")

last = 'Correct! There are 33418 mittens in total.\n\nNow, to find the total amount of yarn used for the mittens, we multiply the number of mittens by the amount of yarn per mitten:\n\n33418 mittens * 141 m/mitten = <calc>33418 * 141</calc>'
value = '4711938'

Jadi, jika Anda terus menerapkan loop ion prosedur, model kemungkinan akan menyelesaikan masalah dengan tepat:

def solve():
  chat = retry_chat(
      model=model,
      context="You are an expert at solving word problems.",
      messages=calc_prompt,
  )

  for n in range(10):
    last, value = calculator(chat.last)
    if last is None:
      # Stop when there are no calc tags.
      print(chat.last)
      break
    print(last)
    print("****************")
    print(f"Calc: {value}")
    print("****************")
    chat.last = last
    chat = retry_reply(chat, value)

  print("-"*80)
  if any(str(answer) in msg['content'] for msg in chat.messages):
    print('Success!')
    return 1.0
  else:
    print('Failure!')
    return 0.0

solve();

Sure, I can help you with that.

First, we need to find the total number of cats: 77 houses * 31 cats/house = <calc>77 * 31</calc>
****************
Calc: 2387
****************
Correct.

Next, we need to find the total number of mittens: 2387 cats * 14 mittens/cat = <calc>2387 * 14</calc>
****************
Calc: 33418
****************
Correct.

Next, we need to find the total number of hats: 2387 cats * 6 hats/cat = <calc>2387 * 6</calc>
****************
Calc: 14322
****************
Correct.

Now we need to find the total amount of yarn used for the mittens: 33418 mittens * 141 m/mitten = <calc>33418 * 141</calc>
****************
Calc: 4711938
****************
Correct.

Now we need to find the total amount of yarn used for the hats: 14322 hats * 55 m/hat = <calc>14322 * 55</calc>
****************
Calc: 787710
****************
Correct.

Now we need to find the total amount of yarn used for all the items: 4711938 m + 787710 m = <calc>4711938 + 787710</calc>
****************
Calc: 5499648
****************
That's correct! The total amount of yarn needed to make all the items is 5499648 m.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Success!

Hal itu biasanya berhasil. Mari kita jalankan beberapa kali untuk memperkirakan tingkat penyelesaian.

import time
results = []

for n in range(5):
  results.append(solve())
  print("-"*80)

Sure, I can help you with that.

First, we need to find the total number of cats: 77 houses * 31 cats/house = <calc>77 * 31</calc>
****************
Calc: 2387
****************
Correct. Now, we need to find the total number of mittens: 2387 cats * 14 mittens/cat = <calc>2387 * 14</calc>
****************
Calc: 33418
****************
Correct. Now, we need to find the total number of hats: 2387 cats * 6 hats/cat = <calc>2387 * 6</calc>
****************
Calc: 14322
****************
Correct. Now, we need to find the total amount of yarn used for the mittens: 33418 mittens * 141 m/mitten = <calc>33418 * 141</calc>
****************
Calc: 4711938
****************
Correct. Now, we need to find the total amount of yarn used for the hats: 14322 hats * 55 m/hat = <calc>14322 * 55</calc>
****************
Calc: 787710
****************
Correct. Now, we need to add the amount of yarn used for the mittens and the hats to find the total amount of yarn used: 4711938 m + 787710 m = <calc>4711938 + 787710</calc>
****************
Calc: 5499648
****************
That is correct! The total amount of yarn used is 5499648 meters.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Success!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sure, I can help you with that.

First, we need to find the total number of cats: 77 houses * 31 cats/house = <calc>77 * 31</calc>
****************
Calc: 2387
****************
Correct.

Next, we need to find the total number of mittens: 2387 cats * 14 mittens/cat = <calc>2387 * 14</calc>
****************
Calc: 33418
****************
Correct.

Next, we need to find the total number of hats: 2387 cats * 6 hats/cat = <calc>2387 * 6</calc>
****************
Calc: 14322
****************
Correct.

Now, we need to find the total amount of yarn used for the mittens: 33418 mittens * 141 m/mitten = <calc>33418 * 141</calc>
****************
Calc: 4711938
****************
Correct.

Now, we need to find the total amount of yarn used for the hats: 14322 hats * 55 m/hat = <calc>14322 * 55</calc>
****************
Calc: 787710
****************
Correct.

Now, we need to add the amount of yarn used for the mittens and the hats to find the total amount of yarn used: 4711938 + 787710 = <calc>4711938 + 787710</calc>
****************
Calc: 5499648
****************
That is correct! In total, 5499648 meters of yarn were needed to make all the items.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Success!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sure, I can help you with that.

First, we need to find the total number of cats: 77 houses * 31 cats/house = <calc>77 * 31</calc>
****************
Calc: 2387
****************
Correct.

Next, we need to find the total number of mittens: 2387 cats * 14 mittens/cat = <calc>2387 * 14</calc>
****************
Calc: 33418
****************
Correct.

Next, we need to find the total number of hats: 2387 cats * 6 hats/cat = <calc>2387 * 6</calc>
****************
Calc: 14322
****************
Correct.

Now, we need to find the total amount of yarn used for the mittens: 33418 mittens * 141 m/mitten = <calc>33418 * 141</calc>
****************
Calc: 4711938
****************
Correct.

Now, we need to find the total amount of yarn used for the hats: 14322 hats * 55 m/hat = <calc>14322 * 55</calc>
****************
Calc: 787710
****************
Correct.

Now, we need to find the total amount of yarn used for all the items: 4711938 m + 787710 m = <calc>4711938 + 787710</calc>
****************
Calc: 5499648
****************
That is correct! The total amount of yarn used for all the items is 5499648 meters.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Success!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sure, I can help you with that.

First, we need to find the total number of cats: 77 houses * 31 cats/house = <calc>77 * 31</calc>
****************
Calc: 2387
****************
Correct.

Next, we need to find the total number of mittens: 2387 cats * 14 mittens/cat = <calc>2387 * 14</calc>
****************
Calc: 33418
****************
Correct.

Next, we need to find the total number of hats: 2387 cats * 6 hats/cat = <calc>2387 * 6</calc>
****************
Calc: 14322
****************
Correct.

Finally, we need to find the total amount of yarn needed: 33418 mittens * 141 m/mitten + 14322 hats * 55 m/hat = <calc>33418 * 141 + 14322 * 55</calc>
****************
Calc: 5499648
****************
That is correct! The total amount of yarn needed is 5499648 meters.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Success!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sure, I can help you with that.

First, we need to find the total number of cats: 77 houses * 31 cats/house = <calc>77 * 31</calc>
****************
Calc: 2387
****************
Correct. Now, we need to find the total number of mittens: 2387 cats * 14 mittens/cat = <calc>2387 * 14</calc>
****************
Calc: 33418
****************
Correct. Now, we need to find the total number of hats: 2387 cats * 6 hats/cat = <calc>2387 * 6</calc>
****************
Calc: 14322
****************
Correct. Now, we need to find the total amount of yarn used for the mittens: 33418 mittens * 141 m/mitten = <calc>33418 * 141</calc>
****************
Calc: 4711938
****************
Correct. Now, we need to find the total amount of yarn used for the hats: 14322 hats * 55 m/hat = <calc>14322 * 55</calc>
****************
Calc: 787710
****************
Correct. Finally, we need to add the amount of yarn used for the mittens and the hats to find the total amount of yarn used: 4711938 m + 787710 m = <calc>4711938 + 787710</calc>
****************
Calc: 5499648
****************
That is correct! The total amount of yarn used is 5499648 meters.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Success!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

print(np.mean(results))

1.0