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Genel Bakış
Gemma, Google DeepMind Gemini araştırması ve teknolojisine dayanarak hazırlanan hafif ve son teknoloji ürünü açık büyük dil modelleri ailesidir. Bu eğiticide, Google DeepMind'ın gemma
kitaplığı kullanılarak JAX (yüksek performanslı sayısal işlem kitaplığı), Flax (JAX tabanlı nöral ağ kitaplığı), Orbax (kontrol noktası/tokentoizer kitaplığı için JAX tabanlı bir jeton} veya SentencePiece Doğrudan bu not defterinde Flax kullanılmasa da Gemma'yı oluşturmak için Flax kullanılmıştır.
Bu not defteri, ücretsiz T4 GPU ile Google Colab'de çalışabilir (Düzenle > Not defteri ayarları > Donanım hızlandırıcı'nın altında T4 GPU'yu seçin).
Kurulum
1. Gemma için Kaggle erişimini ayarlama
Bu eğiticiyi tamamlamak için önce Gemma kurulumu'ndaki kurulum talimatlarını uygulamanız gerekir. Bu talimatlarda, aşağıdakileri nasıl yapacağınızı öğrenebilirsiniz:
- kaggle.com adresinden Gemma'ya erişin.
- Gemma modelini çalıştırmak için yeterli kaynağa sahip bir Colab çalışma zamanı seçin.
- Kaggle kullanıcı adı ve API anahtarı oluşturup yapılandırın.
Gemma kurulumunu tamamladıktan sonra bir sonraki bölüme geçin. Burada, Colab ortamınız için ortam değişkenlerini ayarlayabilirsiniz.
2. Ortam değişkenlerini ayarlama
KAGGLE_USERNAME
ve KAGGLE_KEY
için ortam değişkenlerini ayarlayın. "Erişim izni verilsin mi?" sorusuyla karşılaştığınızda gizli erişim izni vermeyi kabul edin.
import os
from google.colab import userdata # `userdata` is a Colab API.
os.environ["KAGGLE_USERNAME"] = userdata.get('KAGGLE_USERNAME')
os.environ["KAGGLE_KEY"] = userdata.get('KAGGLE_KEY')
3. gemma
kitaplığını yükle
Bu not defteri, ücretsiz Colab GPU kullanmaya odaklanmıştır. Donanım hızlandırmayı etkinleştirmek için Edit (Düzenle) > Not defteri ayarları > T4 GPU'yu seçin > Kaydet'i seçin.
Ardından, github.com/google-deepmind/gemma
üzerinden Google DeepMind gemma
kitaplığını yüklemeniz gerekir. "pip'in bağımlılık çözümleyicisi" hatası alırsanız genellikle bunu göz ardı edebilirsiniz.
pip install -q git+https://github.com/google-deepmind/gemma.git
Gemma modelini yükleme ve hazırlama
- Gemma modelini, üç bağımsız değişken alan
kagglehub.model_download
ile yükleyin:
handle
: Kaggle'ın model tutma yeripath
: (İsteğe bağlı dize) Yerel yolforce_download
: (İsteğe bağlı boole) Modeli yeniden indirmeye zorlar
import kagglehub
GEMMA_PATH = kagglehub.model_download(f'google/gemma-2/flax/{GEMMA_VARIANT}')
GEMMA_VARIANT = 'gemma2-2b-it' # @param ['gemma2-2b', 'gemma2-2b-it'] {type:"string"}
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print('GEMMA_PATH:', GEMMA_PATH)
GEMMA_PATH: /root/.cache/kagglehub/models/google/gemma-2-2b/flax/gemma2-2b-it/1
- Model ağırlıklarının ve belirteç oluşturucunun konumunu kontrol edin, ardından yol değişkenlerini ayarlayın. Jeton oluşturucu dizini, modeli indirdiğiniz ana dizinde, model ağırlıkları ise bir alt dizinde yer alır. Örneğin:
tokenizer.model
dosyası/LOCAL/PATH/TO/gemma/flax/2b-it/2
klasöründe yer alır.)- Model kontrol noktası
/LOCAL/PATH/TO/gemma/flax/2b-it/2/2b-it
konumunda olacaktır.)
CKPT_PATH = os.path.join(GEMMA_PATH, GEMMA_VARIANT)
TOKENIZER_PATH = os.path.join(GEMMA_PATH, 'tokenizer.model')
print('CKPT_PATH:', CKPT_PATH)
print('TOKENIZER_PATH:', TOKENIZER_PATH)
CKPT_PATH: /root/.cache/kagglehub/models/google/gemma-2-2b/flax/gemma2-2b-it/1/gemma2-2b-it TOKENIZER_PATH: /root/.cache/kagglehub/models/google/gemma-2-2b/flax/gemma2-2b-it/1/tokenizer.model
Örnekleme/çıkarım gerçekleştirme
- Gemma modeli kontrol noktasını
gemma.params.load_and_format_params
yöntemiyle yükleyin ve biçimlendirin:
from gemma import params as params_lib
params = params_lib.load_and_format_params(CKPT_PATH)
sentencepiece.SentencePieceProcessor
kullanılarak oluşturulan Gemma jeton oluşturucuyu yükleyin:
import sentencepiece as spm
vocab = spm.SentencePieceProcessor()
vocab.Load(TOKENIZER_PATH)
True
- Gemma model kontrol noktasından doğru yapılandırmayı otomatik olarak yüklemek için
gemma.transformer.TransformerConfig
işlevini kullanın.cache_size
bağımsız değişkeni, GemmaTransformer
önbelleğindeki zaman adımlarının sayısıdır. Ardından,gemma.transformer.Transformer
(flax.linen.Module
öğesinden devralınır) kullanarak Gemma modelinitransformer
olarak örneklendirin.
from gemma import transformer as transformer_lib
transformer_config = transformer_lib.TransformerConfig.from_params(
params=params,
cache_size=1024
)
transformer = transformer_lib.Transformer(transformer_config)
- Gemma model kontrol noktası/ağırlıkları ve jeton oluşturucunun üzerine
gemma.sampler.Sampler
ile birsampler
oluşturun:
from gemma import sampler as sampler_lib
sampler = sampler_lib.Sampler(
transformer=transformer,
vocab=vocab,
params=params['transformer'],
)
input_batch
dilinde bir istem yazıp çıkarım yapın.total_generation_steps
üzerinde değişiklik yapabilirsiniz (yanıt oluşturulurken gerçekleştirilen adım sayısı; bu örnekte ana makine belleğini korumak için100
kullanılır).
prompt = [
"what is JAX in 3 bullet points?",
]
reply = sampler(input_strings=prompt,
total_generation_steps=128,
)
for input_string, out_string in zip(prompt, reply.text):
print(f"Prompt:\n{input_string}\nOutput:\n{out_string}")
Prompt: what is JAX in 3 bullet points? Output: * **High-performance numerical computation:** JAX leverages the power of GPUs and TPUs to accelerate complex mathematical operations, making it ideal for scientific computing, machine learning, and data analysis. * **Automatic differentiation:** JAX provides automatic differentiation capabilities, allowing you to compute gradients and optimize models efficiently. This simplifies the process of training deep learning models. * **Functional programming:** JAX embraces functional programming principles, promoting code readability and maintainability. It offers a flexible and expressive syntax for defining and manipulating data. <end_of_turn>
- (İsteğe bağlı) Not defterini tamamladıysanız ve başka bir istem denemek istiyorsanız bellekte yer açmak için bu hücreyi çalıştırın. Ardından, 3. adımda tekrar
sampler
örneğini oluşturup 4. adımda istemi özelleştirip çalıştırabilirsiniz.
del sampler
Daha fazla bilgi
- Google DeepMind
gemma
kitaplığı hakkında daha fazla bilgiyi GitHub'da bulabilirsiniz. Bu kitaplıkta, bu eğiticide kullandığınız modüllerin belge dizeleri (gemma.params
,gemma.transformer
vegemma.sampler
- Şu kütüphanelerin kendi dokümantasyon siteleri vardır: core JAX, Flax ve Orbax.
sentencepiece
jeton oluşturucu/detokenizer belgeleri için Google'ınsentencepiece
GitHub deposuna göz atın.kagglehub
dokümanları için Kaggle'ınkagglehub
GitHub deposundakiREADME.md
sayfasına göz atın.- Gemma modellerini Google Cloud Vertex AI ile nasıl kullanacağınızı öğrenin.