 Afficher sur ai.google.dev
|
 Essayer un notebook Colab
|
 Afficher le notebook sur GitHub
|
Dans ce notebook, vous allez apprendre à utiliser l'API PaLM, qui vous donne accès aux derniers grands modèles de langage de Google. Ici, vous allez apprendre à utiliser les fonctionnalités de génération de représentations vectorielles continues de l'API PaLM et voir un exemple de ce que vous pouvez faire avec ces représentations.
Configuration
Commencez par télécharger et installer la bibliothèque Python de l'API PaLM.
pip install -U google-generativeai
import numpy as np
import google.generativeai as palm
Obtenir une clé API
Pour commencer, vous devez créer une clé API.
palm.configure(api_key='PALM_KEY')
Que sont les représentations vectorielles continues ?
Les représentations vectorielles continues sont une technique utilisée pour représenter du texte (comme des mots, des phrases ou des paragraphes entiers) sous la forme d'une liste de nombres à virgule flottante dans un tableau. Ces chiffres ne sont pas aléatoires. L'idée clé est que les textes ayant des significations similaires auront des représentations vectorielles continues similaires. Vous pouvez utiliser la relation entre eux pour de nombreuses tâches importantes.
Génération de représentations vectorielles continues
Dans cette section, vous allez apprendre à générer des représentations vectorielles continues pour un texte à l'aide de la fonction palm.generate_embeddings de l'API PaLM. Voici une liste des modèles compatibles avec cette fonction.
for model in palm.list_models():
if 'embedText' in model.supported_generation_methods:
print(model.name)
models/embedding-gecko-001
Utilisez la fonction palm.generate_embeddings et transmettez le nom du modèle ainsi que du texte. Vous obtenez alors une liste de valeurs à virgule flottante. Commencez par une requête "Que mange les écureuils ?" et voir à quel point deux
chaînes différentes sont liées.
x = 'What do squirrels eat?'
close_to_x = 'nuts and acorns'
different_from_x = 'This morning I woke up in San Francisco, and took a walk to the Bay Bridge. It was a good, sunny morning with no fog.'
model = "models/embedding-gecko-001"
# Create an embedding
embedding_x = palm.generate_embeddings(model=model, text=x)
embedding_close_to_x = palm.generate_embeddings(model=model, text=close_to_x)
embedding_different_from_x = palm.generate_embeddings(model=model, text=different_from_x)
print(embedding_x)
{'embedding': [-0.025894878, -0.02103396, 0.003574992, 0.00822288, 0.03276648, -0.10068223, -0.037702546, 0.01079403, 0.0001406235, -0.029412385, 0.01919925, 0.0048481044, 0.070619866, -0.013349887, 0.028378602, -0.018658886, -0.038629908, 0.056883123, 0.06332366, 0.039849922, -0.085393265, -0.016251814, -0.025535949, 0.0049480307, 0.048581485, -0.11295683, 0.033869933, 0.015498774, -0.07306243, 0.000857902, -0.022031788, -0.005298939, -0.08311722, -0.027091762, 0.042790364, 0.023175264, 0.011238991, -0.02432924, -0.0044626957, 0.05167071, 0.023430848, 0.027325166, -0.01492389, -0.018770715, -0.003783692, 0.040971957, -0.044652887, 0.033220302, -0.05659744, -0.055191413, -0.0023204528, -0.043687623, 0.030044463, -0.015966717, -0.04318426, 0.015735775, -0.038352676, -0.005009736, -0.03289721, 0.016246213, -0.005696393, -0.0010992853, -0.02768714, -0.03534994, -0.045970507, 0.05784305, -0.026696421, -0.013302212, 0.007055761, -0.05885901, 0.03330113, 0.04399591, 0.020755561, 0.0028288597, 0.037333105, 0.0103595415, -0.01942964, 0.033088185, 0.009558319, -0.06524442, -0.07101354, -0.053975347, -0.003952934, -0.11641813, -0.039488368, -0.0033782825, -0.017735159, 0.03198736, 0.014555729, 0.050724585, -0.07849815, -0.0070436746, 0.017992217, -0.003975652, -0.0039650565, 0.08063971, -0.011685766, -0.018323965, 0.007763516, 0.012011537, 0.028457757, -0.099603206, 0.0328822, 0.0063217366, 0.051288057, 0.060445003, -0.007725884, -0.0033487668, -0.02697037, -0.04471915, 0.014793467, 0.0029390613, -0.04365732, -0.036976494, 0.05571355, -0.034228597, 0.05610819, 0.0016565409, 0.06461147, 0.012197695, -0.029221235, 0.015400638, 0.009992722, -0.0126949195, 0.027302667, 0.04309881, 0.013308768, -0.034253325, -0.028620966, 0.0032988666, 0.008901495, 0.0051033413, 0.08693829, -0.035939537, -0.00014025549, -0.0021354076, 0.043875773, -0.057092454, 0.0048032254, 0.04456835, -0.01337361, 0.018620204, -0.0037525205, 0.018113593, -0.0024051766, -0.006519982, 0.043426506, -0.028869089, -0.07003764, -0.027043046, -0.047674373, -0.036566455, -0.029664699, 0.054604772, 0.056459025, 0.016209831, 0.06588335, 0.07294827, -0.07351654, -0.050157, 0.05211485, -0.02302033, 0.022877783, 0.013553745, -0.019406103, -0.0058154585, 0.0373227, 0.0052685454, 0.02164789, -0.019631775, -0.015719362, -0.06862338, 0.021698158, -0.013781832, 0.06955018, -0.023942512, -0.018029014, -0.018007774, -0.0059923544, -0.02771734, -0.0019507131, -0.069619514, 0.054189045, 0.0021985532, -0.01132558, 0.015128105, 0.015424623, -0.038302787, -0.038970694, 0.044268098, 0.015156813, 0.030262465, -0.0010455108, -0.032175235, -0.03357542, -9.529959e-05, 0.062028274, -0.10134925, -0.009874221, 0.051682726, -0.022124732, 0.010147164, -0.012185555, 0.03731382, -0.00059438165, -0.017981028, -0.070909515, 0.02605233, 0.06992509, 0.026033426, -0.023944097, -0.047794044, 0.0204043, 0.025562089, -0.01985736, -0.027300185, 0.029983355, -0.0821883, -0.018791717, -0.004772287, -0.02490102, -0.010111937, 0.050968856, 0.029660473, 3.4716293e-05, -0.017517656, 0.023977743, 0.022549666, 0.04181301, 0.007500569, -0.0019229053, 0.023285722, -0.010899088, -0.004949611, -0.012531907, 0.041027624, -0.004620342, -0.013926477, -0.020054528, 0.026111232, -0.06232942, 0.09978252, -0.044156674, 0.061204664, 0.007044644, -0.0027112814, 0.04620226, 0.006134901, 0.03983195, -0.009853767, 0.0137631735, -0.07085734, 0.009606741, -0.008636412, 0.050337072, 0.045284208, -0.0032710661, -0.016086245, 0.008386805, -0.007903436, 0.0350885, 0.0025110857, 0.04684593, 0.12780859, -0.038998656, -0.029157333, -0.029113598, 0.0074333544, 0.05532698, -0.034412585, -0.00013683736, -0.020530468, 0.06506163, 0.0019480588, 0.0030335467, -0.018495142, -0.054084025, 0.023021378, -0.010500294, -0.007759436, -0.020039978, -0.017755102, 0.0006766737, 0.014525485, -0.026014434, 0.002474586, -0.027173916, 0.0093613025, 0.0058087856, 0.0006998545, 0.04791365, -0.04368597, -0.015235596, 0.0069595333, 0.009612967, -0.0009247106, 0.033619776, -0.00649697, -0.04766721, 0.0391879, -0.010284179, -0.006610166, -0.0020641836, -0.05440346, -0.007050968, -0.015853178, -0.031741284, -0.02172385, 0.03021658, -0.0012069787, 0.050265886, 0.04510601, -0.024716277, -0.05543306, -0.06419837, -0.014273427, -0.023703339, 0.0017521745, -0.056149185, 0.0069642677, 0.0065768356, 0.035255834, 0.039023213, 0.016403731, 0.025051782, 0.00695039, -0.05579997, 0.013183741, 0.08474835, -0.012680079, 0.0041794777, 0.02355896, -0.07197163, 0.024911461, -0.018766653, 0.025204346, 0.0048066434, 0.04904056, 0.016669538, -0.037882168, -0.021643393, 0.0053031743, -0.031009668, -0.016543044, -0.020345997, -0.005761681, -0.0743119, -0.02601627, -0.023271384, -0.07075993, -0.0029876109, 0.0066218525, -0.061091717, 0.032953493, 0.03662513, 0.010290128, 0.05418312, -0.03828874, 0.03312786, -0.014862627, -0.03720938, 0.018570531, -0.020742243, 0.048026983, 0.005438336, 0.020241424, -0.04405181, 0.030792728, 0.033958763, -0.023588262, 0.037658524, 0.010072951, 0.0064869304, 0.019048406, -0.06919818, -0.017083945, -0.016801478, 0.0027415873, 0.008172279, 0.0019755305, -0.057162683, -0.0053946367, 0.0014972482, -0.033361986, -0.0033606717, 0.03242665, 0.072544955, 0.02279949, -0.046871353, -0.06308129, 0.029209439, 0.011341486, 0.032790348, -0.020073028, -0.0044093695, 0.08292041, -0.03140556, 0.009308279, -0.004211382, -0.052444175, 0.0180874, 0.008575959, -0.0013550716, -0.07186043, 0.028372435, 0.024996122, 0.027749002, 0.016944503, -0.014632978, -0.06674174, -0.043031745, -0.044137582, 0.03530514, 0.030504197, 0.060496386, -0.06423886, 0.012235539, -0.05830343, -0.015868725, 0.041861057, 0.027080601, -0.014182999, -0.028095996, 0.0016349283, 0.010679886, 0.048808616, -0.058294244, -0.010633062, -0.056791265, -0.027161647, -0.030019993, -0.010299281, -0.03821823, -0.016588321, -0.0059704296, -0.053497788, 0.05661912, 0.005010262, -0.020186698, -0.03151958, -0.07490499, 0.045715272, -0.03747153, 0.02902543, 0.015007152, -0.01799195, 0.0079564275, -0.028715475, -0.018788284, -0.041037183, 0.012932907, -0.0072463937, -0.0046510296, 0.052094106, 0.047214568, -0.05604256, 0.006124289, -0.06112983, -0.028900363, -0.0033062366, -0.016411366, -0.03985708, -0.005927899, 0.027991273, -0.034023542, 0.0023991684, 0.020010024, 0.014298016, 0.017212953, 0.002652654, -0.08308305, 0.01726592, 0.013845524, 0.0065021385, 0.0364733, 0.020361774, 0.09685079, 0.04039578, 0.016480403, -0.08329836, -0.06590067, 0.00012861127, -0.055775307, 0.0065172235, -0.018937778, -0.021399701, 0.0004559998, -0.0097613875, -0.003239602, 0.0041429265, 0.059930306, -0.01656465, 0.018544743, -0.03232914, 0.006037772, -0.06402926, 0.05761484, -0.02093143, 0.018229362, 0.024098346, 0.025045564, -0.009451666, -0.010259512, 0.006660359, -0.029620942, -0.03495546, -0.06783166, -0.03193859, -0.04261954, 0.027878316, 0.023951625, 0.016354026, -0.0015310713, -0.05785183, -0.04868827, -0.06779814, -0.09212996, 0.04355289, 0.02634198, 0.045933742, -0.012108333, -0.017381534, 0.012251423, 0.035591044, 0.05024221, 0.056855064, 0.0101336455, -0.009532219, -0.054251555, 0.034745548, 0.020292252, 0.033525895, -0.040225316, -0.00015249893, -0.07806101, 0.0075722514, 0.015309747, 0.022623314, 0.06536824, 0.064232446, -0.01557734, -0.04813796, -0.013913105, 0.020742541, 0.060864896, -0.056623433, 0.057601452, -1.6570028e-05, 0.010925783, 0.0036125665, 0.032784764, -0.0801319, -0.048450164, 0.06296668, 0.02989288, -0.011754737, -0.0010066505, -0.05441974, -0.017106231, -0.04285682, -0.005424776, -0.028312048, -0.0022843084, -0.02028908, -0.007416978, 0.016722959, 0.03343588, -0.049168676, 0.003828647, 0.043084797, -0.011436926, -0.017679023, -0.012748326, -0.015104218, 0.008225339, -0.005965197, -0.010827806, -0.015990732, 0.031933613, 0.01862576, -0.013171726, 0.007987761, -0.018449496, 0.041906953, -0.020788714, 0.03404006, -0.00086082605, -0.007771558, 0.023855729, -0.00295711, -0.0085285455, -0.0556957, -0.005321175, -0.018151492, -0.011129989, -0.05183511, 0.0053123147, 0.009127998, -0.011530388, 0.009631709, 0.0041047884, -0.0353711, 0.052883077, -0.01532676, 0.03040235, 0.008731032, -0.00441319, 0.01950203, 0.014064995, 0.03141337, 0.018041868, 0.059427522, 0.048374873, -0.019928444, -0.004559623, 0.021962427, -0.08567552, -0.007796494, 0.033520035, 0.009779213, 0.05753526, 0.010492746, -0.039363436, -0.103733934, -0.024229618, 0.0062162466, -0.017748242, 0.005122951, -0.055344906, -0.010650967, 0.0309389, -0.073542334, -0.014872006, -0.003081951, 0.016437916, -0.0040901243, 0.0018574661, 0.03331834, 0.005815743, 0.022556618, 0.076257, -0.0065593896, -0.026774084, -0.016839791, 0.008689688, -0.015184644, 0.0073800148, -0.018499345, -0.036080927, 0.053406574, 0.015944907, -0.014478417, -0.021485219, -0.018035412, -0.038147416, 0.014293582, -0.021055873, 0.0314314, -0.07782329, 0.015536577, -0.031045694, 0.059434652, -0.020065695, 0.052754566, -0.08380041, 0.06855744, 0.012167185, -0.015827801, 0.04380172, 0.020258602, -0.058169313, -0.04435873, -0.013054301, -0.041333184, -0.02302342, 0.029140746, 0.00812361, 0.033690967, -0.0030892044, 0.052916355, -0.04835076, -0.0101818545, -0.05420185, -0.033779036, 0.02638142, -0.028346056, -0.02331669, -0.005781761, 0.012981267, -0.0055279816, 0.010089179, -0.04489518, -0.024379171, 0.007590703, -0.025511196, -0.06555892, 0.008145539, 0.021736145, -0.033178225, 0.026871512, -0.05637406, -0.030885229, 0.014512168, -0.008024667, 0.026689196, 0.004108927, -0.04103957, 0.0080031715, -0.0030232186, -0.036158007, 0.04256502, -0.0001681743, 0.0117336465, 0.025762333, -0.010921032, -0.0010622365, -0.07185124, 0.029530818, 0.009698986, 0.011916085, 0.0022654524, 0.07175238, 0.029233111, -0.020834876, -0.052442703, 0.011248308, 0.005422925, 0.018166017, 0.0472275, -0.013550265, 0.0350743, -0.010435109, 0.047774173, 0.021216916, -0.0026447468, -0.021085296, 0.013272342, -0.0133805, 0.02943836, -0.032338675, 0.0021435472, -0.016289461, -0.013629232, -0.03840216, 0.06655019, 0.009643849, 0.025085986, -0.018909356, -0.011246176, -0.05254555, -0.06776485, -0.02931862, 0.014850466, 0.029691922, -0.04090594, 0.0544204, 0.01552631, 0.02912549, -0.0020693596, 0.038805272, -0.009980787, 0.031122748, -0.05562063, 0.021108221, 0.0103203785, 0.044171233, 0.009732269, -0.0011330071]}
Maintenant que vous avez créé les représentations vectorielles continues, utilisons le produit scalaire pour voir dans quelle mesure close_to_x et different_from_x sont liés à x. Le produit scalaire renvoie une valeur comprise entre -1 et 1, et représente l'alignement de deux vecteurs par rapport à leur direction. Plus la valeur est proche de 0, moins les objets ressemblent aux objets (dans ce cas, deux chaînes). Plus la valeur est proche de 1, plus elles sont similaires.
similar_measure = np.dot(embedding_x['embedding'], embedding_close_to_x['embedding'])
print(similar_measure)
0.7314063252924405
different_measure = np.dot(embedding_x['embedding'], embedding_different_from_x['embedding'])
print(different_measure)
0.43560702838194704
Comme vous pouvez le voir ici, la valeur de produit scalaire la plus élevée entre les représentations vectorielles continues de x et close_to_x démontre une plus grande relation que celles de x et different_from_x.
À quoi servent les représentations vectorielles continues ?
Vous avez généré votre premier ensemble de représentations vectorielles continues avec l'API PaLM. Mais que pouvez-vous faire avec cette liste de valeurs à virgule flottante ? Les représentations vectorielles continues peuvent être utilisées pour une grande variété de tâches de traitement du langage naturel (TLN), y compris:
- Recherche (documents, Web, etc.)
- Systèmes de recommandation
- Clustering
- Analyse des sentiments/classification de texte
Pour consulter des exemples, cliquez ici.