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Présentation
Cet exemple montre comment utiliser l'API Gemini pour créer des représentations vectorielles continues afin d'effectuer une recherche de documents. Vous allez utiliser la bibliothèque cliente Python pour créer une représentation vectorielle continue de mots qui vous permet de comparer des chaînes de recherche, ou questions, au contenu de document.
Dans ce tutoriel, vous allez utiliser des représentations vectorielles continues pour effectuer une recherche de documents dans un ensemble de documents afin de poser des questions sur la voiture Google.
Prérequis
Vous pouvez suivre ce guide de démarrage rapide dans Google Colab.
Pour suivre ce guide de démarrage rapide dans votre propre environnement de développement, assurez-vous que celui-ci répond aux exigences suivantes:
- Python 3.9 ou version ultérieure
- Une installation de
jupyterpour exécuter le notebook.
Préparation
Commencez par télécharger et installer la bibliothèque Python de l'API Gemini.
pip install -U -q google.generativeai
import textwrap
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import google.generativeai as genai
import google.ai.generativelanguage as glm
# Used to securely store your API key
from google.colab import userdata
from IPython.display import Markdown
Obtenir une clé API
Pour pouvoir utiliser l'API Gemini, vous devez d'abord obtenir une clé API. Si vous ne possédez pas encore de clé, créez-en une en un clic dans Google AI Studio.
Dans Colab, ajoutez la clé au gestionnaire de secrets sous le bouton "EIDR" du panneau de gauche. Donnez-lui le nom API_KEY.
Une fois la clé API obtenue, transmettez-la au SDK. Pour cela, vous avez le choix entre deux méthodes :
- Placez la clé dans la variable d'environnement
GOOGLE_API_KEY(le SDK la récupérera automatiquement à partir de là). - Transmettre la clé à
genai.configure(api_key=...)
# Or use `os.getenv('API_KEY')` to fetch an environment variable.
API_KEY=userdata.get('API_KEY')
genai.configure(api_key=API_KEY)
for m in genai.list_models():
if 'embedContent' in m.supported_generation_methods:
print(m.name)
models/embedding-001 models/embedding-001
Génération de représentations vectorielles continues
Dans cette section, vous allez apprendre à générer des représentations vectorielles continues pour un texte à l'aide de celles de l'API Gemini.
Modifications apportées à l'API pour les représentations vectorielles continues avec le modèle Embedding-001
Pour le nouveau modèle de représentations vectorielles continues, Embedding-001, il existe un nouveau paramètre de type de tâche et un titre facultatif (valide uniquement si task_type=RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT).
Ces nouveaux paramètres ne s'appliquent qu'aux modèles de représentations vectorielles continues les plus récents.Les types de tâches sont les suivants:
| Type de tâche | Description |
|---|---|
| RETRIEVAL_QUERY | Spécifie que le texte donné est une requête dans un contexte de recherche/récupération. |
| RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT | Spécifie que le texte donné est un document dans un contexte de recherche/récupération. |
| SEMANTIC_SIMILARITY | Indique que le texte donné sera utilisé pour la similarité textuelle sémantique (STS). |
| CLASSIFICATION | Spécifie que les représentations vectorielles continues seront utilisées pour la classification. |
| CLUSTER | Spécifie que les représentations vectorielles continues seront utilisées pour le clustering. |
title = "The next generation of AI for developers and Google Workspace"
sample_text = ("Title: The next generation of AI for developers and Google Workspace"
"\n"
"Full article:\n"
"\n"
"Gemini API & Google AI Studio: An approachable way to explore and prototype with generative AI applications")
model = 'models/embedding-001'
embedding = genai.embed_content(model=model,
content=sample_text,
task_type="retrieval_document",
title=title)
print(embedding)
{'embedding': [0.034585103, -0.044509504, -0.027291223, 0.0072681927, 0.061689284, 0.03362112, 0.028627988, 0.022681564, 0.04958079, 0.07274552, 0.011150464, 0.04200501, -0.029782884, -0.0041767005, 0.05074771, -0.056339227, 0.051204756, 0.04734613, -0.022025354, 0.025162602, 0.046016376, -0.003416976, -0.024010269, -0.044340927, -0.01520864, -0.013577372, -0.009918958, -0.028144406, -0.00024770075, 0.031201784, -0.072506696, 0.022366496, -0.032672316, -0.0025522006, -0.0019957912, -0.023193765, -0.020633291, -0.014031609, -0.00071676675, -0.0073200124, 0.014770645, -0.09390713, -0.017846372, 0.032825496, 0.017616265, -0.046674345, 0.03469292, 0.03386835, 0.0028274113, -0.07737739, 0.023789782, 0.025950644, 0.06952142, -0.029875675, -0.018693604, 0.007266584, -0.0067282487, 0.000802912, 0.020609016, 0.012406181, -0.018825717, 0.051171597, -0.0080359895, 0.008457639, 0.01197146, -0.080320396, -0.040698495, 0.0018266322, 0.042915005, 0.021464704, 0.022519842, 0.0059912056, 0.050887667, -0.04566639, -0.012651369, -0.14023173, -0.0274054, 0.04492792, 0.014709818, 0.037258334, -0.021294944, -0.041852854, -0.069640376, -0.030281356, -0.0070775123, 0.019886682, -0.050179508, -0.03839318, -0.014652514, 0.03370254, -0.02803748, -0.059206057, 0.055928297, -0.034912255, -0.007784368, 0.098106734, -0.06873356, -0.052850258, -0.011798939, -0.030071719, -0.026038093, 0.016752971, -0.020916667, 0.007365556, 0.017650642, 0.006677715, -0.036498126, 0.02110524, -0.05625146, 0.043038886, -0.06515849, -0.019825866, -0.010379261, -0.037537806, 0.017674655, -0.042821705, 0.014320703, 0.036735073, 0.011445211, 0.027352763, -0.0028090556, 0.009011982, 0.024146665, 0.002215841, -0.07397819, 0.008714616, -0.03377923, 0.034349587, 0.022429721, 0.052665956, -0.0021583177, -0.040462274, -0.019938014, 0.030099798, 0.009743918, 0.009111553, 0.026379738, -0.015910586, 0.010171418, 0.023996552, -0.031924065, 0.024775924, 0.014129728, 0.008913726, -0.010156162, 0.05407575, -0.080851324, 0.022005167, 0.012674272, -0.017213775, -0.009514327, 0.03276702, -0.06795425, -0.0004906647, 0.036379207, 0.034329377, -0.037122324, 0.05565231, -0.0038797501, 0.009620726, 0.050033607, 0.0084967585, 0.050638147, 0.00490447, 0.006675041, -0.04295331, -0.006490465, 0.010016808, -0.011493882, 0.023702862, 0.029825455, 0.03514081, -0.013388401, -0.05283049, 0.00019729362, -0.05095579, -0.031205554, 0.0045187837, -0.0066217924, -0.007931168, -0.0030577614, -0.016934164, 0.04188085, 0.050768845, 0.009407336, -0.02838461, 0.079967216, -0.038705315, -0.06723827, 0.015558192, -0.043977134, -0.022096274, -0.0053875325, -0.022216668, 0.013843675, 0.04506347, 0.051535256, 0.033484843, 0.044276737, -0.01299742, 0.021727907, 0.06798745, 0.038896713, 0.0023941514, 0.00815586, 0.029679826, 0.109524906, 0.012102062, -0.058510404, 0.03252702, -0.050666984, -0.006376317, 0.026164565, 0.008671174, 0.05052107, -0.027606683, 0.005126455, -0.0029112308, -0.015136989, -0.026336055, -0.031090762, 0.01717387, 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0.00057833333, -0.04805651, 0.01602842, -0.005916167, -0.0020399855, 0.036410075, -0.09505558, -0.021768136, 0.021421269, 0.024159726, -0.013026249, -0.023113504, 0.02459358, 0.01643742, -0.0104496805, 0.033115752, 0.047128692, 0.05519812, -0.013151745, 0.03202098, 0.0014973703, -0.009810199, 0.09950044, 0.03161514, 0.022533545, 0.028800217, 0.011425177, -0.06616128, 0.018490529, -0.024615118, -0.01714155, -0.036444064, -0.024078121, 6.236274e-05, -0.025733253, -0.012052791, -0.0032004463, -0.007022415, -0.07943268, -0.010401283, 0.014510383, -0.017218677, 0.056253612, -0.028017681, -0.06288073, -0.0010291388, 0.042233694, -0.017423663, -0.014384363, 0.008450004, -0.006025767, 0.00068278343, 0.043332722, -0.048530027, -0.10272868, 0.016439026, -0.0043581687, 0.014065921, 0.015250153, 0.0035983857, 0.024789328, 0.052941743, 0.0023809967, -0.0041563907, -0.02350335, -0.05152261, -0.026173577, 0.025396436, -0.020441707, 0.0052804356, 0.017074147, -0.023429962, 0.028667469, -0.056579348, -0.045674913, -0.050122924, -0.029717976, 0.011392094, 0.01918305, -0.090463236, 0.011211278, -0.058831867, -0.027594091, -0.08303421, -0.014075257, -0.013071177, 0.0050326143, 0.024727797, -0.004616583, -0.007565293, 0.0043535405, -0.05543633, -0.022187654, -0.026209656, 0.064442314, -0.0066669765, -0.002169784, -0.019930722, 4.8227314e-05, -0.0015547068, -0.0057820054, -0.08949447, -0.0115463175, -0.026195917, -0.008628893, -0.0017553791, -0.08588936, 0.008043627, -0.040522296, -0.006249298, -0.040554754, 0.021548215, 0.049422685, -0.008809529, -0.024933426, -0.040077355, 0.038274486, 0.029687686, -0.02959238, 0.0426982, 0.029072417, 0.049369767, -0.018109215, -0.041628513, -0.005594527, 0.026668772, -0.027726736, 0.037220005, 0.058132544, 0.01863369, -0.04707943, -0.0006536238, -0.012569923, 0.01520091, 0.05510794, -0.05035494, 0.036055118, -0.020710817, -0.0051193447, -0.042542584, 0.0020174137, 0.0014168078, -0.001090868, -0.034683146, 0.06309216, -0.05918888, 0.017469395, 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-0.02363733, 0.029837264, -0.020835804, -0.017142115, 0.006764067, -0.01684698, 0.021653073, 0.040238675, -0.018611673, -0.04561582, 0.038430944, -0.02677326, 0.007663415, 0.06948015, -0.0012032362, 0.008699309, 0.011357286, 0.021917833, 0.00018160013, -0.076829135, 0.0023802964, -0.023293033, -0.03534673, -0.042327877, -0.0210994, 0.042625647, -0.014360755, -0.0066886684, 0.03561479, 0.047778953, 0.037118394, 0.041420408, 0.052272875, 0.039208084, -0.033506226, -0.00651392, 0.062439967, 0.03669325, 0.042872086, 0.066822834, -0.0068043126, -0.021161819, -0.050757803, 0.005068388, -0.0027463334, 0.013415453, -0.033819556, -0.046399325, -0.03287996, -0.019854786, -0.0070042396, -0.00042829785, -0.036087025, -0.00650163, 0.0008774728, -0.10458266, -0.061043933, 0.016721264, 0.0002953045, -0.0053018867, 0.012741255, 0.0050292304, 0.024298942, 0.0033208653, -0.0629338, -0.0005545099, 0.04004244, -0.03548021, -0.02479493, 0.035712432, -0.017079322, -0.030503469, 0.0019789268, -0.028768733, 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Créer une base de données de représentations vectorielles continues
Voici trois exemples de textes à utiliser pour créer la base de données de représentations vectorielles continues. Vous utiliserez l'API Gemini pour créer des représentations vectorielles continues de chacun des documents. Transformez-les en une trame de données pour une meilleure visualisation.
DOCUMENT1 = {
"title": "Operating the Climate Control System",
"content": "Your Googlecar has a climate control system that allows you to adjust the temperature and airflow in the car. To operate the climate control system, use the buttons and knobs located on the center console. Temperature: The temperature knob controls the temperature inside the car. Turn the knob clockwise to increase the temperature or counterclockwise to decrease the temperature. Airflow: The airflow knob controls the amount of airflow inside the car. Turn the knob clockwise to increase the airflow or counterclockwise to decrease the airflow. Fan speed: The fan speed knob controls the speed of the fan. Turn the knob clockwise to increase the fan speed or counterclockwise to decrease the fan speed. Mode: The mode button allows you to select the desired mode. The available modes are: Auto: The car will automatically adjust the temperature and airflow to maintain a comfortable level. Cool: The car will blow cool air into the car. Heat: The car will blow warm air into the car. Defrost: The car will blow warm air onto the windshield to defrost it."}
DOCUMENT2 = {
"title": "Touchscreen",
"content": "Your Googlecar has a large touchscreen display that provides access to a variety of features, including navigation, entertainment, and climate control. To use the touchscreen display, simply touch the desired icon. For example, you can touch the \"Navigation\" icon to get directions to your destination or touch the \"Music\" icon to play your favorite songs."}
DOCUMENT3 = {
"title": "Shifting Gears",
"content": "Your Googlecar has an automatic transmission. To shift gears, simply move the shift lever to the desired position. Park: This position is used when you are parked. The wheels are locked and the car cannot move. Reverse: This position is used to back up. Neutral: This position is used when you are stopped at a light or in traffic. The car is not in gear and will not move unless you press the gas pedal. Drive: This position is used to drive forward. Low: This position is used for driving in snow or other slippery conditions."}
documents = [DOCUMENT1, DOCUMENT2, DOCUMENT3]
Organiser le contenu du dictionnaire dans une trame de données pour une meilleure visualisation.
df = pd.DataFrame(documents)
df.columns = ['Title', 'Text']
df
Obtenez les représentations vectorielles continues de chacun de ces corps de texte. Ajoutez ces informations au DataFrame.
# Get the embeddings of each text and add to an embeddings column in the dataframe
def embed_fn(title, text):
return genai.embed_content(model=model,
content=text,
task_type="retrieval_document",
title=title)["embedding"]
df['Embeddings'] = df.apply(lambda row: embed_fn(row['Title'], row['Text']), axis=1)
df
Recherche de documents avec questions/réponses
Maintenant que les représentations vectorielles continues sont générées, créons un système de questions/réponses pour effectuer des recherches dans ces documents. Vous poserez une question sur le réglage des hyperparamètres, créerez une représentation vectorielle continue de la question et la comparerez à l'ensemble de représentations vectorielles continues dans le DataFrame.
La représentation vectorielle continue de la question sera un vecteur (liste de valeurs flottantes), qui sera comparé au vecteur des documents à l'aide du produit scalaire. Ce vecteur renvoyé par l'API est déjà normalisé. Le produit scalaire représente la similarité entre deux vecteurs.
Les valeurs du produit scalaire peuvent être comprises entre -1 et 1 inclus. Si le produit scalaire entre deux vecteurs est égal à 1, les vecteurs sont dans la même direction. Si la valeur de produit scalaire est 0, ces vecteurs sont orthogonaux ou non liés les uns aux autres. Enfin, si le produit scalaire est -1, les vecteurs pointent dans la direction opposée et ne sont pas similaires.
Notez qu'avec le nouveau modèle de représentations vectorielles continues (embedding-001), indiquez le type de tâche QUERY pour la requête utilisateur et DOCUMENT lors de l'intégration du texte d'un document.
| Type de tâche | Description |
|---|---|
| RETRIEVAL_QUERY | Spécifie que le texte donné est une requête dans un contexte de recherche/récupération. |
| RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT | Spécifie que le texte donné est un document dans un contexte de recherche/récupération. |
query = "How do you shift gears in the Google car?"
model = 'models/embedding-001'
request = genai.embed_content(model=model,
content=query,
task_type="retrieval_query")
Utilisez la fonction find_best_passage pour calculer le nombre de produits scalaires, puis triez le DataFrame de la plus grande à la plus petite valeur pour récupérer le passage approprié de la base de données.
def find_best_passage(query, dataframe):
"""
Compute the distances between the query and each document in the dataframe
using the dot product.
"""
query_embedding = genai.embed_content(model=model,
content=query,
task_type="retrieval_query")
dot_products = np.dot(np.stack(dataframe['Embeddings']), query_embedding["embedding"])
idx = np.argmax(dot_products)
return dataframe.iloc[idx]['Text'] # Return text from index with max value
Affichez le document le plus pertinent de la base de données:
passage = find_best_passage(query, df)
passage
'Shifting Gears Your Googlecar has an automatic transmission. To shift gears, simply move the shift lever to the desired position. Park: This position is used when you are parked. The wheels are locked and the car cannot move. Reverse: This position is used to back up. Neutral: This position is used when you are stopped at a light or in traffic. The car is not in gear and will not move unless you press the gas pedal. Drive: This position is used to drive forward. Low: This position is used for driving in snow or other slippery conditions.'
Application de questions-réponses
Essayons d'utiliser l'API de génération de texte pour créer un système de questions/réponses. Saisissez vos propres données personnalisées ci-dessous pour créer une question simple et un exemple de réponse. Vous utiliserez toujours le produit scalaire comme métrique de similarité.
def make_prompt(query, relevant_passage):
escaped = relevant_passage.replace("'", "").replace('"', "").replace("\n", " ")
prompt = textwrap.dedent("""You are a helpful and informative bot that answers questions using text from the reference passage included below. \
Be sure to respond in a complete sentence, being comprehensive, including all relevant background information. \
However, you are talking to a non-technical audience, so be sure to break down complicated concepts and \
strike a friendly and converstional tone. \
If the passage is irrelevant to the answer, you may ignore it.
QUESTION: '{query}'
PASSAGE: '{relevant_passage}'
ANSWER:
""").format(query=query, relevant_passage=escaped)
return prompt
prompt = make_prompt(query, passage)
print(prompt)
You are a helpful and informative bot that answers questions using text from the reference passage included below. Be sure to respond in a complete sentence, being comprehensive, including all relevant background information. However, you are talking to a non-technical audience, so be sure to break down complicated concepts and strike a friendly and converstional tone. If the passage is irrelevant to the answer, you may ignore it.
QUESTION: 'How do you shift gears in the Google car?'
PASSAGE: 'Shifting Gears Your Googlecar has an automatic transmission. To shift gears, simply move the shift lever to the desired position. Park: This position is used when you are parked. The wheels are locked and the car cannot move. Reverse: This position is used to back up. Neutral: This position is used when you are stopped at a light or in traffic. The car is not in gear and will not move unless you press the gas pedal. Drive: This position is used to drive forward. Low: This position is used for driving in snow or other slippery conditions.'
ANSWER:
Choisissez l'un des modèles de génération de contenu Gemini afin de trouver la réponse à votre requête.
for m in genai.list_models():
if 'generateContent' in m.supported_generation_methods:
print(m.name)
models/gemini-pro models/gemini-pro-vision models/gemini-ultra
model = genai.GenerativeModel('gemini-1.5-pro-latest')
answer = model.generate_content(prompt)
Markdown(answer.text)
Le passage fourni ne contient pas d'informations sur le passage d'une vitesse dans une voiture Google. Je ne peux donc pas répondre à votre question depuis cette source.
Étapes suivantes
Pour découvrir comment utiliser d'autres services dans l'API Gemini, consultez le guide de démarrage rapide pour Python.