Embeddings

The Gemini API offers embedding models to generate embeddings for text, images, video, and other content. These resulting embeddings can then be used for tasks such as semantic search, classification, and clustering, providing more accurate, context-aware results than keyword-based approaches.

The latest model, gemini-embedding-2-preview, is the first multimodal embedding model in the Gemini API. It maps text, images, video, audio, and documents into a unified embedding space, enabling cross-modal search, classification, and clustering across over 100 languages. See the multimodal embeddings section to learn more. For text-only use cases, gemini-embedding-001 remains available.

Building Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems is a common use case for AI products. Embeddings play a key role in significantly enhancing model outputs with improved factual accuracy, coherence, and contextual richness. If you prefer to use a managed RAG solution, we built the File Search tool which makes doing RAG easier to manage and more cost effective.

Generating embeddings

Use the embedContent method to generate text embeddings:

Python

from google import genai

client = genai.Client()

result = client.models.embed_content(
        model="gemini-embedding-001",
        contents="What is the meaning of life?"
)

print(result.embeddings)

JavaScript

import { GoogleGenAI } from "@google/genai";

async function main() {

    const ai = new GoogleGenAI({});

    const response = await ai.models.embedContent({
        model: 'gemini-embedding-001',
        contents: 'What is the meaning of life?',
    });

    console.log(response.embeddings);
}

main();

Go

package main

import (
    "context"
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "log"

    "google.golang.org/genai"
)

func main() {
    ctx := context.Background()
    client, err := genai.NewClient(ctx, nil)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    contents := []*genai.Content{
        genai.NewContentFromText("What is the meaning of life?", genai.RoleUser),
    }
    result, err := client.Models.EmbedContent(ctx,
        "gemini-embedding-001",
        contents,
        nil,
    )
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    embeddings, err := json.MarshalIndent(result.Embeddings, "", "  ")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    fmt.Println(string(embeddings))
}

REST

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-embedding-001:embedContent" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "x-goog-api-key: ${GEMINI_API_KEY}" \
    -d '{
        "model": "models/gemini-embedding-001",
        "content": {
        "parts": [{
            "text": "What is the meaning of life?"
        }]
        }
    }'

You can also generate embeddings for multiple chunks at once by passing them in as a list of strings.

Python

from google import genai

client = genai.Client()

result = client.models.embed_content(
        model="gemini-embedding-001",
        contents= [
            "What is the meaning of life?",
            "What is the purpose of existence?",
            "How do I bake a cake?"
        ]
)

for embedding in result.embeddings:
    print(embedding)

JavaScript

import { GoogleGenAI } from "@google/genai";

async function main() {

    const ai = new GoogleGenAI({});

    const response = await ai.models.embedContent({
        model: 'gemini-embedding-001',
        contents: [
            'What is the meaning of life?',
            'What is the purpose of existence?',
            'How do I bake a cake?'
        ],
    });

    console.log(response.embeddings);
}

main();

Go

package main

import (
    "context"
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "log"

    "google.golang.org/genai"
)

func main() {
    ctx := context.Background()
    client, err := genai.NewClient(ctx, nil)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    contents := []*genai.Content{
        genai.NewContentFromText("What is the meaning of life?"),
        genai.NewContentFromText("How does photosynthesis work?"),
        genai.NewContentFromText("Tell me about the history of the internet."),
    }
    result, err := client.Models.EmbedContent(ctx,
        "gemini-embedding-001",
        contents,
        nil,
    )
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    embeddings, err := json.MarshalIndent(result.Embeddings, "", "  ")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    fmt.Println(string(embeddings))
}

REST

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-embedding-001:embedContent" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "x-goog-api-key: $GEMINI_API_KEY" \
    -d '{
    "content": {
        "parts": [
        {
            "text": "What is the meaning of life?"
        },
        {
            "text": "How much wood would a woodchuck chuck?"
        },
        {
            "text": "How does the brain work?"
        }
        ]
    },
    "taskType": "SEMANTIC_SIMILARITY"
    }'

Specify task type to improve performance

You can use embeddings for a wide range of tasks from classification to document search. Specifying the right task type helps optimize the embeddings for the intended relationships, maximizing accuracy and efficiency. For a complete list of supported task types, see the Supported task types table.

The following example shows how you can use SEMANTIC_SIMILARITY to check how similar in meaning strings of texts are.

Python

from google import genai
from google.genai import types
import pandas as pd
from sklearn.metrics.pairwise import cosine_similarity

client = genai.Client()

texts = [
    "What is the meaning of life?",
    "What is the purpose of existence?",
    "How do I bake a cake?",
]

result = client.models.embed_content(
    model="gemini-embedding-001",
    contents=texts,
    config=types.EmbedContentConfig(task_type="SEMANTIC_SIMILARITY")
)

# Create a 3x3 table to show the similarity matrix
df = pd.DataFrame(
    cosine_similarity([e.values for e in result.embeddings]),
    index=texts,
    columns=texts,
)

print(df)

JavaScript

import { GoogleGenAI } from "@google/genai";
import * as cosineSimilarity from "compute-cosine-similarity";

async function main() {
    const ai = new GoogleGenAI({});

    const texts = [
        "What is the meaning of life?",
        "What is the purpose of existence?",
        "How do I bake a cake?",
    ];

    const response = await ai.models.embedContent({
        model: 'gemini-embedding-001',
        contents: texts,
        taskType: 'SEMANTIC_SIMILARITY'
    });

    const embeddings = response.embeddings.map(e => e.values);

    for (let i = 0; i < texts.length; i++) {
        for (let j = i + 1; j < texts.length; j++) {
            const text1 = texts[i];
            const text2 = texts[j];
            const similarity = cosineSimilarity(embeddings[i], embeddings[j]);
            console.log(`Similarity between '${text1}' and '${text2}': ${similarity.toFixed(4)}`);
        }
    }
}

main();

Go

package main

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "math"

    "google.golang.org/genai"
)

// cosineSimilarity calculates the similarity between two vectors.
func cosineSimilarity(a, b []float32) (float64, error) {
    if len(a) != len(b) {
        return 0, fmt.Errorf("vectors must have the same length")
    }

    var dotProduct, aMagnitude, bMagnitude float64
    for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ {
        dotProduct += float64(a[i] * b[i])
        aMagnitude += float64(a[i] * a[i])
        bMagnitude += float64(b[i] * b[i])
    }

    if aMagnitude == 0 || bMagnitude == 0 {
        return 0, nil
    }

    return dotProduct / (math.Sqrt(aMagnitude) * math.Sqrt(bMagnitude)), nil
}

func main() {
    ctx := context.Background()
    client, _ := genai.NewClient(ctx, nil)
    defer client.Close()

    texts := []string{
        "What is the meaning of life?",
        "What is the purpose of existence?",
        "How do I bake a cake?",
    }

    var contents []*genai.Content
    for _, text := range texts {
        contents = append(contents, genai.NewContentFromText(text, genai.RoleUser))
    }

    result, _ := client.Models.EmbedContent(ctx,
        "gemini-embedding-001",
        contents,
        &genai.EmbedContentRequest{TaskType: genai.TaskTypeSemanticSimilarity},
    )

    embeddings := result.Embeddings

    for i := 0; i < len(texts); i++ {
        for j := i + 1; j < len(texts); j++ {
            similarity, _ := cosineSimilarity(embeddings[i].Values, embeddings[j].Values)
            fmt.Printf("Similarity between '%s' and '%s': %.4f\n", texts[i], texts[j], similarity)
        }
    }
}

REST

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-embedding-001:embedContent" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "x-goog-api-key: $GEMINI_API_KEY" \
    -d '{
    "taskType": "SEMANTIC_SIMILARITY",
    "content": {
        "parts": [
        {
            "text": "What is the meaning of life?"
        },
        {
            "text": "How much wood would a woodchuck chuck?"
        },
        {
            "text": "How does the brain work?"
        }
        ]
    }
    }'

The code snippets will show how similar the different chunks of text are to one another when run.

Supported task types

Task type Description Examples
SEMANTIC_SIMILARITY Embeddings optimized to assess text similarity. Recommendation systems, duplicate detection
CLASSIFICATION Embeddings optimized to classify texts according to preset labels. Sentiment analysis, spam detection
CLUSTERING Embeddings optimized to cluster texts based on their similarities. Document organization, market research, anomaly detection
RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT Embeddings optimized for document search. Indexing articles, books, or web pages for search.
RETRIEVAL_QUERY Embeddings optimized for general search queries. Use RETRIEVAL_QUERY for queries; RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT for documents to be retrieved. Custom search
CODE_RETRIEVAL_QUERY Embeddings optimized for retrieval of code blocks based on natural language queries. Use CODE_RETRIEVAL_QUERY for queries; RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT for code blocks to be retrieved. Code suggestions and search
QUESTION_ANSWERING Embeddings for questions in a question-answering system, optimized for finding documents that answer the question. Use QUESTION_ANSWERING for questions; RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT for documents to be retrieved. Chatbox
FACT_VERIFICATION Embeddings for statements that need to be verified, optimized for retrieving documents that contain evidence supporting or refuting the statement. Use FACT_VERIFICATION for the target text; RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT for documents to be retrieved Automated fact-checking systems

Controlling embedding size

Both gemini-embedding-001 and gemini-embedding-2-preview are trained using the Matryoshka Representation Learning (MRL) technique which teaches a model to learn high-dimensional embeddings that have initial segments (or prefixes) which are also useful, simpler versions of the same data.

Use the output_dimensionality parameter to control the size of the output embedding vector. Selecting a smaller output dimensionality can save storage space and increase computational efficiency for downstream applications, while sacrificing little in terms of quality. By default, both models output a 3072-dimensional embedding, but you can truncate it to a smaller size without losing quality to save storage space. We recommend using 768, 1536, or 3072 output dimensions.

Python

from google import genai
from google.genai import types

client = genai.Client()

result = client.models.embed_content(
    model="gemini-embedding-001",
    contents="What is the meaning of life?",
    config=types.EmbedContentConfig(output_dimensionality=768)
)

[embedding_obj] = result.embeddings
embedding_length = len(embedding_obj.values)

print(f"Length of embedding: {embedding_length}")

JavaScript

import { GoogleGenAI } from "@google/genai";

async function main() {
    const ai = new GoogleGenAI({});

    const response = await ai.models.embedContent({
        model: 'gemini-embedding-001',
        content: 'What is the meaning of life?',
        outputDimensionality: 768,
    });

    const embeddingLength = response.embedding.values.length;
    console.log(`Length of embedding: ${embeddingLength}`);
}

main();

Go

package main

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"
    "log"

    "google.golang.org/genai"
)

func main() {
    ctx := context.Background()
    // The client uses Application Default Credentials.
    // Authenticate with 'gcloud auth application-default login'.
    client, err := genai.NewClient(ctx, nil)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    defer client.Close()

    contents := []*genai.Content{
        genai.NewContentFromText("What is the meaning of life?", genai.RoleUser),
    }

    result, err := client.Models.EmbedContent(ctx,
        "gemini-embedding-001",
        contents,
        &genai.EmbedContentRequest{OutputDimensionality: 768},
    )
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    embedding := result.Embeddings[0]
    embeddingLength := len(embedding.Values)
    fmt.Printf("Length of embedding: %d\n", embeddingLength)
}

REST

curl -X POST "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-embedding-001:embedContent" \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -H "x-goog-api-key: $GEMINI_API_KEY" \
    -d '{
        "content": {"parts":[{ "text": "What is the meaning of life?"}]},
        "output_dimensionality": 768
    }'

Example output from the code snippet:

Length of embedding: 768

Ensuring quality for smaller dimensions

The 3072 dimension embedding is normalized. Normalized embeddings produce more accurate semantic similarity by comparing vector direction, not magnitude. For other dimensions, including 768 and 1536, you need to normalize the embeddings as follows:

Python

import numpy as np
from numpy.linalg import norm

embedding_values_np = np.array(embedding_obj.values)
normed_embedding = embedding_values_np / np.linalg.norm(embedding_values_np)

print(f"Normed embedding length: {len(normed_embedding)}")
print(f"Norm of normed embedding: {np.linalg.norm(normed_embedding):.6f}") # Should be very close to 1

Example output from this code snippet:

Normed embedding length: 768
Norm of normed embedding: 1.000000

The following table shows the MTEB scores, a commonly used benchmark for embeddings, for different dimensions. Notably, the result shows that performance is not strictly tied to the size of the embedding dimension, with lower dimensions achieving scores comparable to their higher dimension counterparts.

MRL Dimension MTEB Score
2048 68.16
1536 68.17
768 67.99
512 67.55
256 66.19
128 63.31

Multimodal embeddings

The gemini-embedding-2-preview model supports multimodal input, allowing you to embed images, video, audio, and documents content alongside text. All modalities are mapped into the same embedding space, enabling cross-modal search and comparison.

Supported modalities and limits

The overall maximum input tokens limit is 8192 tokens.

Modality Specifications and limits
Text Supports up to 8,192 tokens.
Image Maximum of 6 images per request. Supported formats: PNG, JPEG.
Audio Maximum duration of 80 seconds. Supported formats: MP3, WAV.
Video Maximum duration of 128 seconds. Supported formats: MP4, MOV, Supported codec: H264, H265, AV1, VP9
Documents (PDF) Maximum of 6 pages.

Embedding images

The following example shows how to embed an image using gemini-embedding-2-preview.

Images can be provided as inline data or as uploaded files through the Files API.

Python

from google import genai
from google.genai import types

with open('example.png', 'rb') as f:
    image_bytes = f.read()

client = genai.Client()

result = client.models.embed_content(
    model='gemini-embedding-2-preview',
    contents=[
        types.Part.from_bytes(
            data=image_bytes,
            mime_type='image/png',
        ),
    ]
)

print(result.embeddings)

JavaScript

import { GoogleGenAI } from "@google/genai";
import * as fs from "node:fs";

async function main() {
    const ai = new GoogleGenAI({});

    const imgBase64 = fs.readFileSync("example.png", { encoding: "base64" });

    const response = await ai.models.embedContent({
        model: 'gemini-embedding-2-preview',
        contents: [{
            inlineData: {
                mimeType: 'image/png',
                data: imgBase64,
            },
        }],
    });

    console.log(response.embeddings);
}

main();

REST

IMG_PATH="/path/to/your/image.png"
IMG_BASE64=$(base64 -w0 "${IMG_PATH}")

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-embedding-2-preview:embedContent" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "x-goog-api-key: ${GEMINI_API_KEY}" \
    -d '{
        "content": {
            "parts": [{
                "inline_data": {
                    "mime_type": "image/png",
                    "data": "'"${IMG_BASE64}"'"
                }
            }]
        }
    }'

Embedding aggregation

When working with multimodal content, how you structure your input affects the embedding output:

  • Single content entry: Submitting multiple parts (for example, text and an image) within a single content entry produces one aggregated embedding for all modalities within that entry.
  • Multiple entries: Sending multiple entries in the contents array returns separate embeddings for each entry.
  • Post-level representation: For complex objects like social media posts with multiple media items, we recommend aggregating separate embeddings (for example, by averaging) to create a coherent post-level representation.

The following example shows how to create one aggregated embedding for text and image input. Use the parts field to combine multiple inputs:

Python

from google import genai
from google.genai import types

with open('dog.png', 'rb') as f:
    image_bytes = f.read()

result = client.models.embed_content(
    model='gemini-embedding-2-preview',
    contents=[
        types.Content(
            parts=[
                types.Part(text="An image of a dog"),
                types.Part.from_bytes(
                    data=image_bytes,
                    mime_type='image/png',
                )
            ]
        )
    ]
)

# This produces one embedding
for embedding in result.embeddings:
    print(embedding.values)

JavaScript

import { GoogleGenAI } from "@google/genai";
import * as fs from "node:fs";

async function main() {
    const ai = new GoogleGenAI({});

    const imgBase64 = fs.readFileSync("dog.png", { encoding: "base64" });

    const response = await ai.models.embedContent({
        model: 'gemini-embedding-2-preview',
        contents: {
            parts: [
                { text: 'An image of a dog' },
                { inlineData: { mimeType: 'image/png', data: imgBase64 } },
            ],
        },
    });

    console.log(response.embeddings);
}

main();

REST

IMG_PATH="/path/to/your/dog.png"
IMG_BASE64=$(base64 -w0 "${IMG_PATH}")

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-embedding-2-preview:embedContent" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "x-goog-api-key: ${GEMINI_API_KEY}" \
    -d '{
        "content": {
            "parts": [
                {"text": "An image of a dog"},
                {
                    "inline_data": {
                        "mime_type": "image/png",
                        "data": "'"${IMG_BASE64}"'"
                    }
                }
            ]
        }
    }'

On the other hand, this example creates multiple embeddings in one embedding call:

Python

from google import genai
from google.genai import types

with open('dog.png', 'rb') as f:
    image_bytes = f.read()

result = client.models.embed_content(
    model='gemini-embedding-2-preview',
    contents=[
        "The dog is cute",
        types.Part.from_bytes(
            data=image_bytes,
            mime_type='image/png',
        ),
    ]
)

# This produces two embeddings
for embedding in result.embeddings:
    print(embedding.values)

JavaScript

import { GoogleGenAI } from "@google/genai";
import * as fs from "node:fs";

async function main() {
    const ai = new GoogleGenAI({});

    const imgBase64 = fs.readFileSync("dog.png", { encoding: "base64" });

    const response = await ai.models.embedContent({
        model: 'gemini-embedding-2-preview',
        contents: [
            'The dog is cute',
            {
                inlineData: {
                    mimeType: 'image/png',
                    data: imgBase64,
                },
            },
        ],
    });

    console.log(response.embeddings);
}

main();

REST

IMG_PATH="/path/to/your/dog.png"
IMG_BASE64=$(base64 -w0 "${IMG_PATH}")

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-embedding-2-preview:embedContent" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "x-goog-api-key: ${GEMINI_API_KEY}" \
    -d '{
        "content": {
            "parts": [
                {"text": "The dog is cute"},
                {
                    "inline_data": {
                        "mime_type": "image/png",
                        "data": "'"${IMG_BASE64}"'"
                    }
                }
            ]
        }
    }'

Embedding audio

The following example shows how to embed an audio file using gemini-embedding-2-preview.

Audio files can be provided as inline data or as uploaded files through the Files API.

Python

from google import genai
from google.genai import types

with open('example.mp3', 'rb') as f:
    audio_bytes = f.read()

client = genai.Client()

result = client.models.embed_content(
    model='gemini-embedding-2-preview',
    contents=[
        types.Part.from_bytes(
            data=audio_bytes,
            mime_type='audio/mpeg',
        ),
    ]
)

print(result.embeddings)

JavaScript

import { GoogleGenAI } from "@google/genai";
import * as fs from "node:fs";

async function main() {
    const ai = new GoogleGenAI({});

    const audioBase64 = fs.readFileSync("example.mp3", { encoding: "base64" });

    const response = await ai.models.embedContent({
        model: 'gemini-embedding-2-preview',
        contents: [{
            inlineData: {
                mimeType: 'audio/mpeg',
                data: audioBase64,
            },
        }],
    });

    console.log(response.embeddings);
}

main();

REST

AUDIO_PATH="/path/to/your/example.mp3"
AUDIO_BASE64=$(base64 -w0 "${AUDIO_PATH}")

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-embedding-2-preview:embedContent" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "x-goog-api-key: ${GEMINI_API_KEY}" \
    -d '{
        "content": {
            "parts": [{
                "inline_data": {
                    "mime_type": "audio/mpeg",
                    "data": "'"${AUDIO_BASE64}"'"
                }
            }]
        }
    }'

Embedding video

The following example shows how to embed a video using gemini-embedding-2-preview.

Videos can be provided as inline data or as uploaded files through the Files API.

Python

from google import genai
from google.genai import types

client = genai.Client()

with open('example.mp4', 'rb') as f:
    video_bytes = f.read()

result = client.models.embed_content(
    model='gemini-embedding-2-preview',
    contents=[
        types.Part.from_bytes(
            data=video_bytes,
            mime_type='video/mp4',
        ),
    ]
)

print(result.embeddings[0].values)

JavaScript

import { GoogleGenAI } from "@google/genai";
import * as fs from "node:fs";

async function main() {
    const ai = new GoogleGenAI({});

    const videoBase64 = fs.readFileSync("example.mp4", { encoding: "base64" });

    const response = await ai.models.embedContent({
        model: 'gemini-embedding-2-preview',
        contents: [{
            inlineData: {
                mimeType: 'video/mp4',
                data: videoBase64,
            },
        }],
    });

    console.log(response.embeddings);
}

main();

REST

VIDEO_PATH="/path/to/your/video.mp4"
VIDEO_BASE64=$(base64 -w0 "${VIDEO_PATH}")

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-embedding-2-preview:embedContent" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "x-goog-api-key: ${GEMINI_API_KEY}" \
    -d '{
        "content": {
            "parts": [{
                "inline_data": {
                    "mime_type": "video/mp4",
                    "data": "'"${VIDEO_BASE64}"'"
                }
            }]
        }
    }'

If you need to embed videos >128 seconds, you can chunk the video into overlapping segments and embed those chunks individually.

Embedding documents

documents in PDF format can be embedded directly. The model processes the visual and text content of each page.

PDFs can be provided as inline data or as uploaded files through the Files API.

Python

from google import genai
from google.genai import types

with open('example.pdf', 'rb') as f:
    pdf_bytes = f.read()

client = genai.Client()

result = client.models.embed_content(
    model='gemini-embedding-2-preview',
    contents=[
        types.Part.from_bytes(
            data=pdf_bytes,
            mime_type='application/pdf',
        ),
    ]
)

print(result.embeddings)

JavaScript

import { GoogleGenAI } from "@google/genai";
import * as fs from "node:fs";

async function main() {
    const ai = new GoogleGenAI({});

    const pdfBase64 = fs.readFileSync("example.pdf", { encoding: "base64" });

    const response = await ai.models.embedContent({
        model: 'gemini-embedding-2-preview',
        contents: [{
            inlineData: {
                mimeType: 'application/pdf',
                data: pdfBase64,
            },
        }],
    });

    console.log(response.embeddings);
}

main();

REST

PDF_PATH="/path/to/your/example.pdf"
PDF_BASE64=$(base64 -w0 "${PDF_PATH}")

curl "https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/models/gemini-embedding-2-preview:embedContent" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "x-goog-api-key: ${GEMINI_API_KEY}" \
    -d '{
        "content": {
            "parts": [{
                "inline_data": {
                    "mime_type": "application/pdf",
                    "data": "'"${PDF_BASE64}"'"
                }
            }]
        }
    }'

Use cases

Text embeddings are crucial for a variety of common AI use cases, such as:

Storing embeddings

As you take embeddings to production, it is common to use vector databases to efficiently store, index, and retrieve high-dimensional embeddings. Google Cloud offers managed data services that can be used for this purpose including BigQuery, AlloyDB, and Cloud SQL.

The following tutorials show how to use other third party vector databases with Gemini Embedding.

Model versions

Gemini Embedding 2 Preview

Property Description
Model code

Gemini API

gemini-embedding-2-preview
Supported data types

Input

Text, image, video, audio, PDF

Output

Text embeddings
Token limits[*]

Input token limit

8,192

Output dimension size

Flexible, supports: 128 - 3072, Recommended: 768, 1536, 3072
Versions
Read the model version patterns for more details.
  • Preview: gemini-embedding-2-preview
Latest update November 2025

Gemini Embedding

Property Description
Model code

Gemini API

gemini-embedding-001
Supported data types

Input

Text

Output

Text embeddings
Token limits[*]

Input token limit

2,048

Output dimension size

Flexible, supports: 128 - 3072, Recommended: 768, 1536, 3072
Versions
Read the model version patterns for more details.
  • Stable: gemini-embedding-001
Latest update June 2025

For deprecated Embeddings models, visit the Deprecations page

Migration from gemini-embedding-001

The embedding spaces between gemini-embedding-001 and gemini-embedding-2-preview are incompatible. This means you cannot directly compare embeddings generated by one model with embeddings generated by the other. If you are upgrading to gemini-embedding-2-preview, you must re-embed all of your existing data.

Batch embeddings

If latency is not a concern, try using the Gemini Embeddings models with Batch API. This allows for much higher throughput at 50% of the default Embedding price. Find examples on how to get started in the Batch API cookbook.

Responsible use notice

Unlike generative AI models that create new content, the Gemini Embedding model is only intended to transform the format of your input data into a numerical representation. While Google is responsible for providing an embedding model that transforms the format of your input data to the numerical-format requested, users retain full responsibility for the data they input and the resulting embeddings. By using the Gemini Embedding model you confirm that you have the necessary rights to any content that you upload. Do not generate content that infringes on others' intellectual property or privacy rights. Your use of this service is subject to our Prohibited Use Policy and Google's Terms of Service.

Start building with embeddings

Check out the embeddings quickstart notebook to explore the model capabilities and learn how to customize and visualize your embeddings.